EXPORT DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1994
AN ACT TO DEVELOP EXPORTS AS A KEY TOWARDS THE ACHIEVEMENT
OF THE NATIONAL GOALS TOWARDS THE YEARS 2000
ARTICLE I
BASIC PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES
SECTION 1. Short title - This Act shall otherwise be known as the "Export Development Act of 1994."
SEC. 2. Declaration of policy - It shall be the policy of the State to evolve export development into a
national effort. The government shall champion exports as a focal strategy for a sustainable agri-industrial
development to achieve Philippine NIChood towards the year 2000. The private sector shall take the lead
in the collective effort to promote exports through discipline and hard work, as it confronts the challenge
of winning international markets.
The government and the private sector shall jointly transform the Philippines into an exporting nation.
Towards this end, the State shall instill in the Filipino people that exporting is not just a sectoral concern,
but the key to national survival and the means through which the economic goals of increased
employment and enhanced incomes can most expeditiously be achieved.
SEC. 3. Key operating principles - A macro-economic policy framework that supports export
development shall be provided, especially in key areas of concern to exporters:
(a) Monetary and foreign exchange policies shall establish and maintain a competitive exchange
rate, supported by measures to provide safety nets for various sectors that may be adversely
affected by the implementation of such policies. Such policies shall be consistent with the
responsibility and primary objectives of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas pursuant to Section 3 of
Republic Act No. 7653.
(b) Fiscal and credit policies shall provide adequate funds for public and private investments and
business expansion, while keeping the cost of credit comparable to international levels ensuring
access to loanable funds for SMEs as well as highly technical export enterprises, especially those
in the countryside.
(c) Agricultural policies shall build up viability and competitiveness of the country's agriculture sectors
and facilitate their linkage with industry to strengthen the agri-industrial base of the country's
export thrust.
(d) Trade, tariff and customs policies shall engender competitiveness of domestic industries and
facilitate their participation in international trade.
(e) Technical support policies to improve the quality of export products shall be adopted, particularly
those relating to technology transfer, R & D, technical training and related activities. As such, the
Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and the Department of Agriculture (DA) shall be
supported by colleges and universities in the diffusion of technology, information and training to
the countryside for agri-industrial and export development.
(f) Urgent attention must be given to policies affecting infrastructure in order to ensure the adequate
supply and quality of power, water (e.g., for irrigation), transportation (e.g., shipping and cargo
handling), and communication to support the flow of goods and services in the context of the
national export drive.
(g) The link between export growth and countryside development must be strengthened through
policies favorable to SMEs, regional industrial centers, and export processing zones to boost rural
and farm-based entrepreneurship in identified geographic economic growth areas of the country.
(h) Labor and industrial relations policies must recognize the inevitable industrial shifts that will occur
in the effort to achieve international competitiveness. Focus shall be given to the formulation of
accords between labor and management which shall provide for sustained increase in
productivity and competitiveness. In line with this, dual training schemes shall be integrated as a
basic component to the country's primary and secondary education program to ensure that the
manpower needs of agriculture and industry will be matched by the skills generated by the
educational system. Reasonable price and income policies shall likewise be adopted in order to
safeguard the interest of the labor sector.
(i) All government agencies whose actions affect exporters, such as the Board of Investments (BOI),
Bureau of Customs (BOC) and Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) shall simplify procedures to
minimize bureaucratic red tape.
(j) Provisions of existing laws deemed detrimental to the export sector shall be repealed in
subsequent acts.
SEC. 4. Definition of terms - For purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply to the
following terms:
(a) "Exporter" means any person, natural or juridical, licensed to do business in the Philippines,
engaged directly or indirectly in the production, manufacture or trade of products or services
which earns at least fifty percent (50%) of its normal operating revenues from the sale of its
products or services abroad for foreign currency: Provided, That in the case of services, the same
shall be limited to information technology services, construction services and other services as
defined jointly by the Department of Finance (DOF) and the Department of Trade and Industry
(DTI). Services rendered by overseas contract workers are not covered by the definition.
(b) "Export promotion" shall refer to a range of export activities which the public and private sectors
undertake, such as networking, especially in export support services and the provision of
trade/market information; organization of trade fairs and missions; provision of advisory services ;
conduct of seminars, lectures, workshops, conferences and training on export-related subjects;
publication of export-related documents; handling of quality standard, product design and such
other activities aimed at promoting existing exports, especially those meant to reinforce and
improve the position of Philippine export products in specific foreign markets, principally being
those activities necessary for the implementation of the Philippine Export Development Plan.
(c) "Export incentives" shall refer to support measures provided by the government to exporters to
encourage inves tment in the export sector, create a freer trade environment and motivate
exporters to increase export sales and perform competitively in the export market. The overall
objective is to increase the country's export sales.
(d) "Accredited organization" shall refer to the organization of exporters granted accreditation by the
Export Development Council, as provided in Section 7(1) of this Act.
ARTICLE II
INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES AND STRATEGIES
SEC. 5. Philippine Export Development Plan (PEDP) - The President of the Republic of the Philippines
shall approve a rolling three-year Philippine Export Development Plan prepared by the Department of
Trade and Industry (DTI) which shall form part of the medium -term Philippine Development Plan
(MTPDP). It shall be formulated in consultation with the private sector, validated and updated semestrally.
The PEDP shall define the country's annual and medium-term export thrusts, strategies, programs and
projects and shall be jointly implemented by the government, export and other concerned sectors.
SEC. 6. Export Development Council - The existing Export Development Council, hereinafter referred
to as the Council, which was created by Executive Order No. 98 (1993) as modified by Executive Order
No. 110 (1993), and Executive Order No. 180 (1994), shall be strengthened and institutionalized for the
purpose of overseeing the implementation of the PEDP and coordinating the formulation and
implementation of policy reforms to support the said Plan.
SEC. 7. Powers and functions - The Council shall:
(a) approve the PEDP; coordinate, monitor and assess the implementation thereof, and when
necessary, institute appropriate adjustments thereon in the light of changing conditions in both
the domestic and international environment;
(b) periodically review and assess the country's export performance, problems and prospects;
(c) identify the main bottlenecks, problem areas and constraints in all areas/sectors/activities which
influence the development of exports, including but not limited to, such matters as policy
framework, physical infrastructure, finance, technology, production, promotions and marketing;
(d) mandate specific departments and agencies to attend to the bottlenecks and problems
constraining the development of exports in any of the areas mentioned in paragraph (c) above,
and require the concerned Secretaries to deliver progress report(s) on the actions/initiatives taken
to resolve these areas of concern at the next meeting(s);
(e) ensure export quality control by overseeing the formulation and implementation of quality control
guidelines by appropriate agencies to make Philippine exports at par with world-class products;
(f) impose sanctions on any government agency or officer or employee thereof, or private sector
entity that impedes efficient exportation of Philippine goods;
(g) recommend to Congress any proposed legislation that would contribute to the development of
exports;
(h) submit quarterly reports to Congress;
(i) formulate policies or recommend measures and draw up a study within ninety (90) days from the
approval of this Act, relative to the rationalization of the government's export promotion and
development functions/activities and programs for the eventual transfer of government export
promotions and development activities to the sector within a period of two (2) years after the
approval of this Act;
(j) formulate the policies for the granting of incentives to exporters;
(k) adopt such policies, rules, procedures and administrative systems for the efficient and effective
exercise of its powers and functions, including the creation or adoption of an executive committee
or secretariat; and
(l) grant and review the accreditation of the organization of exporters, according to the guidelines
which it shall later promulgate for the said purpose: Provided, That the organization accredited
shall be the dominant one among the other existing export organizations as determined under the
guidelines promulgated by the Council hereof.
(m) issue standards and policies to be observed by Local Government Units (LGUs) in order to :
(1) ensure that LGUs' plans and budgets are supportive of agri-industrial growth and export
competitiveness thrusts of the national government; and
(2) ensure optimal allocation of expenditures.
The DILG and the regional development councils shall be the channels through which these standards
and policies shall be coursed.
Sec. 8. Composition of the Council. - The Council shall be composed of the following:
(a) Secretary of the Department of Trade and Industry as chairman;
(b) Director-General of the National Economic and Development Authority;
(c) Secretary of the Department of Finance;
(d) Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas;
(e) Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology;
(f) Secretary of the Department of Agriculture;
(g) Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs;
(h) Secretary of the Department of Labor and Employment;
(i) Nine (9) representatives from the private sector, the majority of whom shall be recommendees of
the accredited organization, and one of whom shall be appointed as vice-chairman.
Other heads of executive agencies, private organizations or individuals can be called upon by the Council
to attend any Council meeting and assist the Council to resolve issues and problems that concern their
respective offices.
Likewise, such heads of executive agencies, private organizations or individuals shall respond to the
queries of the Council within two (2) weeks from the time such queries are received.
SEC. 9. Mode of selection and tenure of private sector representatives - The President shall appoint
the private sector representatives, who are not ex officio members, upon nomination of the accredited
organization, ensuring balanced representations from the Visayas and Mindanao and various sectors,
such as the labor sector, agricultural and traditional export sectors as against the non-agricultural and
non-traditional export sectors and the like.
The private sector representatives of the Council shall serve for a period of two (2) years. When a
vacancy occurs due to the resignation, death or incapacity of a member, a replacement who shall serve
for the remainder of the member's term of office shall be appointed by the President.
SEC. 10. Meeting of the Council - The Council shall meet once a month: Provided, That the President
or the chairman may convene the Council anytime whenever he deems it necessary.
The President shall preside over meetings of the Council on a quarterly basis.
SEC. 11. Funding - The activities and operational expenses of the Council shall be funded jointly by
budgetary appropriations from the government and by private sector contributions as provided for in
Executive Order No. 98.
SEC. 12. Accredited export organization - The Council shall accredit a single umbrella organization of
exporters pursuant to section 7(1) of this Act to represent the export sector concerns and interests for
three (3) years, after which the Council shall undertake a review of the accreditation prior to the granting
or re-granting of the said accreditation.
The accredited organization shall:
(a) recommend private sector representatives to the Council with consideration of balanced sectoral
representation, as provided in Section 9 hereof;
(b) represent the interests of the export sector;
(c) be responsible for coordinating, supporting and assisting the DTI relative to the formulation and
implementation of the government's export promotion programs and policies: Provided, That in
the event that some of the export promotion functions of the government are privatized in
accordance with the Act, it shall be responsible for the performance of such privatized export
promotion function; and
(d) manage the Philippine Trade Center, which shall include, among others, the authority to enter
into contracts with promotion facilities or functions.
SEC. 13. Export financing guarantee and insurance - Pursuant to Section 7(1) of this Act, the Council
shall make the necessary legal and feasibility study/recommendation on the alignment and rationalization
of government programs relative to export financing and existing organizations dealing primarily and
exclusively with export financing guarantee and insurance and likewise considering the creation of a
private sector led export financing institution whose services shall be primarily devoted towards
supporting the operations of exporters and indirect exporters, particularly the SMEs.
The study shall include the powers, functions, and operations of the proposed institution, and government
contributions to the said institution, and if and when necessary the preparation of a bill creating the same
which the Council may recommend to Congress within six (6) months after the effectivity of this Act.
The government counterpart funds shall come from direct budgetary appropriations and from
consolidated capital funds of government institutions involved in export financing and guarantees, or from
equity contributions from government financial institutions.
SEC. 14. Export promotion and information - As provided in Section 7(1) of this Act, the Council
through the DTI shall prepare an export promotion privatization program within ninety (90) days from the
approval of this Act and shall subsequently identify the appropriate funding mechanism for such a
program . The privatization process shall be completed within a period two (2) years.
While the appropriate funding mechanism is not yet in place, financial and technical assistance to the
accredited organization on a project-to-project basis shall be granted. In this regard, the national
government shall appropriate such sums as may be necessary to the Council to be exclusively
earmarked for export promotion and information until such time that the Council establishes the funding
mechanism. The Council shall formulate the criteria to avail of this financial and technical assistance and
the extent to which the assistance shall be granted with the primary consideration of encouraging the
formation of a nationwide marketing cooperative for export promotion.
SEC. 15. Philippine Trade Center - The government shall hereby assist the private sector in the
establishment of Philippine Trade Centers which shall house the trade promotion offices and shall serve
as permanent exhibit sites of the country's export products. In this regard, the government shall provide
the land for the center, through a land grant or long term lease to the accredited organization, and shall
arrange financing for the construction of the trade complexes. Upon its establishment, the centers shall
be managed by the accredited organization.
ARTICLE III
OTHER INCENTIVES
SEC. 16. Incentives. - In addition to existing incentives provided by the Board of Investments, the
following incentives shall likewise be granted to exporters:
(a) Exemption from Presidential Decree No. 1853, provided that the importation shall be used for the
production of goods and services for export.
(b) Importation of machinery and equipment and accompanying spare parts which are used in the
manufacture of exported products at zero percent (0%) duty for a period of three (3) years, until
1997.
(c) Tax credit for imported inputs and raw materials primarily used for the production and packaging
of export goods, which are not readily available locally, shall be valid for five (5) years. Provided,
That the tax credit shall be issued within thirty (30) days from exportation.
(d) Tax credit for increase in current year's export revenue computed as follows:
The first 5% increase in annual export revenue over the previous year would mean a credit of
2.5% to be applied on the incremental export revenue converted to pesos at the current rate;
？ The next 5% increase would be entitled to a credit of 5.0%;
？ The next 5% increase would be entitled to a credit of 7.5%;
？ In excess of 15% would be entitled to a credit to 10%.
Such tax credit is only granted for the years when the performance is achieved . Export
revenues used in the calculation of such tax credits shall be subject to verification as
prescribed under the implementing rulers and regulations.
(e) For exporters of non-traditional products who use or substitute locally produced raw materials,
capital equipment and/or spare parts, tax credits equivalent to twenty-five percent (25%) of the
duties that would have been paid had these inputs been imported ; Provided, That this incentives
would be available for a period of three (3) years upon effectively of this Act and can be extended
for another three (3) years by the President upon the recommendation of the Secretary of
Finance; Provided, further, That the Secretary of Finance, in consultation with the Export
Development Council, shall prepare a list of non-traditional exports which are entitled to avail of
this incentives: Provided, That these incentives shall be granted only upon; (1) the presentation of
a Bureau of Export Trade Promotion (BETP) certification of the exporter's eligibility, in compliance
with the minimum wage and SSS laws; and that (2) in the case of importation, the items imported
shall be used exclusively for production of export goods.
(f) In the interim, while the Eximbank is not yet established, government financial institutions (GFIs)
including the Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) , the Philippine National Bank (PNB)
and the Land Bank of the Philippines shall extend credit facilities to be used for plant and
equipment expansion purposes, among others. These credit facilities shall offer preferential and
simplified credit schemes to exporters.
SEC. 17. Negotiability - All tax credit herein provided shall be negotiable.
ARTICLE IV
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
SEC. 18. Appointment of private sector representatives - Upon the effectivity of this Act, the
President of the Republic of the Philippines shall appoint the nine (9) private sector representatives to the
Council who shall serve for a term of two (2) years . Thereafter, the determination of the private sector
representatives shall be governed by Section 9 of this Act.
SEC. 19. Funding of the Council - Upon the effectively of this Act, the budget granted to the old Export
Development Council shall be transferred to the new Council created under this Act. Thereafter, such
sums as may be necessary for its operation and maintenance shall be included in the annual General
Appropriations Act.
SEC. 20. Operation of the Council - the Council shall immediately function one (1) month after the
approval of this Act.
ARTICLE V
CRIMINAL OFFENSES AND PENALTIES
SEC. 21. Non-compliance of the mandatory provisions of this Act - Any person, entity, government
instrumentality or institution, found to be willfully violating or grossly negligent in executing the mandates
of this Act shall result in the expulsion from office of its chief executive and operating officers, as well as
the responsible officers thereof. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, they shall likewise
be prohibited from holding any government position for least two (2) years.
ARTICLE VI
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SPECIAL CLAUSE
SEC. 22. Implementing rules and regulations - The Secretaries of Trade and Industry and Finance, in
consultation with the Council, shall formulate the rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this
Act.
SEC. 23. Separability clause - The provisions of this Act are hereby declare separable and in the event
any of such provisions is declared unconstitutional, the other provisions which are not affected thereby
shall remain in force and effect.
SEC. 24. Repealing clause - All other laws, decrees, executive orders, administrative orders, rules and
regulations or parts thereof which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed ,
amended or modified accordingly.
SEC. 25. Effectivity - This Act shall take effect two (2) weeks after its publication in the Official Gazette
or in at least two (2) national newspapers of general circulation in the Philippines, whichever comes
earlier.
This Act which is a consolidation of House Bill No. 12073 and Senate Bill No. 1863 was finally passed by
the House of Representatives and the Senate on December 20, 1994.
Approved: 21 December 1994
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